By Arunav Goel for NeemTree Agro Solutions

Crop production: A brief insight on two of the most produced crops in India
● From 10.32 Million Tonnes of wheat production in 1960 to a record high of 102.19 Million Tonnes in 2019, Indian agriculture has come a long way.
● As a result of the green revolution, a hectare of Indian wheat farm that
produced an average of 0.8 tonnes in 1948, produced 4.7 tonnes of wheat in 1975 from the same land.
● Wheat area harvested of India increased from 16,626 ha in 1970 to
29,850 ha in 2019
● Total food grain production in the country is estimated at a record 291.95 million tonnes in 2019, making India one of the top three producers for many of the crops.
● In 2019, rice production by India was at 117.2 million tonnes growing at an annual rate of 2.75%.
● India exported 11,200 tonnes of rice, at a value of $70.18 billion dollars
making it the Largest agricultural products in India by value.

Land usage: Sum of areas under Arable land and Permanent crops and Permanent pastures is the total agricultural land.
● 60.45% ie 159.7 million hectares (394.6 million acres) of Indian land used for farming is the second-largest in the world, after the United States.
● Its gross irrigated crop area of 82.6 million hectares (215.6 million acres) is the largest in the world.

Employment and Economy: The percentage of people of working age who provides goods and services for pay or profits.
● The percentage of total employment in agriculture in 2019 was 43.21%,
which is the lowest ever in India with the highest being in 1991 at 63.05.
● The percentage of women working in agriculture stood at 56.5 in 2019, the lowest in the past 28 years.
● The percentage of men working in agriculture stood at 39.53 in 2019,again the lowest in the past 28 years.
● The percentage of GDP which was contributed by agriculture in 2018 was 14.6, again the lowest ever while the highest came in 1967 with 42.77%.
● Agriculture value added per worker of India increased from 978 US
dollars in 1999 to 1,875 US dollars in 2018

Dairy: One of the most extensively used agricultural products.
● Milk production in India grew significantly from 19,386 thousand tonnes to a record high of 2,02,200 thousand tonnes in 2020, making India the
world’s largest milk producer.
● In 2019, the number of cattle and buffaloes in India was 308,700 heads compared to 231,925 heads in 1970.

Poultry: Domesticated birds kept by humans for their meat and eggs.
● In 2018, the number of poultry birds for India was 820 million, making
India one of the fastest-growing poultry industry.
● In 2017, poultry meat domestic supply for India was 3,661 thousand
tonnes, growing at an average annual rate of 8.23%.

Fertilizers: A product that is used in soils to provide the required nutrients to the plant.
● In 2017, India was using 4.23 million tonnes of NPK fertilizers at 165.8 kg per hectares.
● India produced 3.85 million tonnes of fertilizers in 2017, making it the
second largest producer in the world after the USA.

Organic Farming: A technique of farming using biological fertilizers and materials and avoiding the usage of synthetic substances.
● With 835,000 certified organic producers, India is home to more than 30 of the total organic producers of the world again the largest in the world.
● Indian agricultural area for organic farming went up from a mere 432
thousand hectares to 1780 thousand hectares.

Miscellaneous:
● In 2013, India produced 619,000 tractors making up 29% of the world’s
output, leading as the world’s largest producer and market for tractors.
● There are currently over 450 agritech startups in India as of June 2019, the agritech sector has received more than $248 million in funding.

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